9 Declarations [dcl.dcl]

9.3 Declarators [dcl.decl]

9.3.1 Type names [dcl.name]

1
#
To specify type conversions explicitly, and as an argument of sizeof, alignof, new, or typeid, the name of a type shall be specified.
This can be done with a type-id, which is syntactically a declaration for a variable or function of that type that omits the name of the entity.
It is possible to identify uniquely the location in the abstract-declarator where the identifier would appear if the construction were a declarator in a declaration.
The named type is then the same as the type of the hypothetical identifier.
[Example
: 
int                 // int i
int *               // int *pi
int *[3]            // int *p[3]
int (*)[3]          // int (*p3i)[3]
int *()             // int *f()
int (*)(double)     // int (*pf)(double)
name respectively the types “int”, “pointer to int”, “array of 3 pointers to int”, “pointer to array of 3 int”, “function of (no parameters) returning pointer to int”, and “pointer to a function of (double) returning int”.
— end example
]
2
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A type can also be named (often more easily) by using a typedef ([dcl.typedef]).